SLO 12.6 Nervous Disorders
12.6.1 Explain Common Kinds of Nervous Disorders (Paralysis and Epilepsy) Paralysis: Epilepsy: 12.6.2 State Symptoms and Treatment of Paralysis and Epilepsy Paralysis: Epilepsy:
Lesson Notes
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SLO 12.5 Endocrine System
12.5.1 Define the Terms ‘Hormone’ and ‘Endocrine System’ Hormone: Chemical messenger secreted by endocrine glands into the bloodstream, regulating distant target organs. Endocrine System: Network of glands (e.g., pituitary, thyroid) that secrete hormones to control bodily functions like growth, metabolism,…
SLO 12.4 Receptors of Human (Eye and Ear)
12.4.1 Relate the Structures of Human Auditory (Ear) and Visual (Eye) Receptors with Their Functions Eye: Ear: 12.4.2 Differentiate Between Pupil Reflex in Dim and Bright Light Dim Light: Pupil dilates (enlarges) due to relaxation of iris circular muscles and…
SLO 12.3 Human Nervous System
12.3.1 Identify Parts of the Brain 12.3.2 Explain Function of the Parts of Brain 12.3.3 Differentiate Between Cross-Sectional Views of Brain and Spinal Cord (White and Grey Matter) Brain: Spinal Cord: 12.3.4 Define Neuron A neuron is a specialized cell…
SLO 12.2 Types of Coordination (Nervous and Chemical Coordination)
12.2.1 Differentiate Between Two Main Types of Coordination in Living Organisms Feature Nervous (Electrical) Coordination Hormonal (Chemical) Coordination Definition Rapid communication using electrical impulses via neurons. Slower communication using chemical messengers (hormones) via bloodstream. Speed Fast (milliseconds). Slow (seconds to…
SLO 12.1 Introduction
12.1.1 Exemplify the Importance of Coordination Coordination is the process by which organisms integrate and regulate their internal systems and respond to external stimuli to maintain homeostasis and survival. Its importance includes:
SLO 11.5 Disorders of Human Excretory System
11.5.1 State Contributions of Al-Farabi and Abul-Qasim in Introducing the Method of Removing Stones from the Urinary Bladder Al-Farabi (870–950 CE): A philosopher and scientist who contributed to medical knowledge through his writings on anatomy and physiology, laying the groundwork…
SLO 11.4 Urinary System of Human Beings
11.4.1 Identify Different Organs of Urinary System The urinary system includes: 11.4.2 Relate Structure of Kidney to Its Function Structure: Function: 11.4.3 State That Nephron Is the Excretory Unit of Kidney The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney…
SLO 11.3 Homeostasis in Human Beings
11.3.1 Identify Major Organs Involved in Homeostasis The major organs involved in human homeostasis are: 11.3.2 Relate the Structure of Skin with Its Function to Regulate Body Temperature Structure: Function in Temperature Regulation: 11.3.3 Describe Role of Lungs in Keeping…
SLO 11.2 Homeostasis in Plants
11.2.1 Describe Mechanism in Plants for the Excretion of Carbon Dioxide, Water, Oxygen, Latex, Resins, and Gums Plants excrete metabolic waste to maintain homeostasis: 11.2.2 Explain Osmotic Adjustments in Hydrophytes, Xerophytes, and Halophytes Plants adapt to their environments through osmotic…
SLO 11.1 Introduction
11.1.1 Recognise the Importance of Homeostasis Homeostasis is the process by which organisms maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes. Its importance includes: 11.1.2 Discuss Negative Feedback Mechanism A negative feedback mechanism counteracts changes in a system to restore…
SLO 10.4 Necrosis and Apoptosis
10.4.1 differentiate between necrosis and apoptosis with examples Feature Necrosis Apoptosis Definition Uncontrolled, accidental cell death caused by external factors, leading to cell rupture and inflammation. Programmed, controlled cell death that eliminates unnecessary or damaged cells without inflammation. Cause External…
SLO 10.3 Meiosis
10.3.1 Differentiate Among the Events of Meiosis I (Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase) Meiosis I is the first division in meiosis, reducing the chromosome number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n). It consists of four stages: Prophase I: Metaphase I: Anaphase…
SLO 10.2 Mitosis
10.2.1 Describe the Events Through Which Mitotic Apparatus Is Formed in Prophase in Animal and Plant Cells During prophase, the first stage of mitosis, the mitotic apparatus (spindle fibers and associated structures) forms to facilitate chromosome segregation. The key events…
SLO 10.1 Cell Cycle (Interphase and Division)
10.1.1 Define Cell Cycle The cell cycle is the sequence of stages a cell undergoes from its formation to its division into two daughter cells. It includes growth, DNA replication, and division, ensuring cell reproduction and tissue growth or repair.…